The lesson on 'Emotional Intelligence' under 'Communication and Soft Skills' - paper prescribed for Degree I Year English Praxis for Andhra Pradesh - Adi Kavi Nannaya University and other universities
The lesson explanation video can be accessed and watched here
1.
DEBATE
Question: Write about Debate.
Answer: “Debate” is a discussion in the formal context. It is a
formal discussion on a particular topic between two groups or parties. The
opposing arguments are put forward and solutions are offered at the end of it.
Example: Political debates, religious debates, etc.
Benefits of a
Debate:
Debates help in improving the
following skills among students.
1.
Critical thinking skills
2.
Logical thinking skills
3.
Communication skills
4.
Problem solving skills
5.
Negotiation skills,and
6.
Team spirit
Roles in a
Debate:
·
There are two groups which
participate in a debate. One speaks in favour of the resolution. The other
opposes the resolution.
·
The group which speaks in favour of
the topic is called the affirmative group.
·
The group which opposes the
resolution is called the opposing group.
·
The debate will be started and
monitored by the chairperson
·
The debate is evaluated by
adjudicators.
Stages in a
Debate:
1.
Introduction
2.
Argument
3.
Conclusion
Tips for
Debate:
1.
Understand the topic properly
2.
Identify the two possible sides of
it
3.
Build your arguments for each side
4.
Provide real life examples
5.
Conclude properly
6.
Work it out together and within the
given time
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Reference: Communication and Soft Skills- Volume-1 - by Orient blackswan
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SPEAKING
SKILLS- II
1.
ROLE PLAYS
Q: Write an essay on “Role Play”:
Ans:
“Role-play” is a method of teaching communication skills. In this,
students act in different characters like doctors, teachers, police officers,
lawyers, business men etc. They practice the dialogues related to the
character, based on the context.
Benefits of
Role Plays:
1.
Role Play exercises improve
communication skills
2.
Role Plays help to improve soft
skills like thinking skills, negotiation skills, adaptability, decision-making
skills, interpersonal skills and the skills of a facilitator.
3.
The students will be able to express
their feelings in a better way
4.
The students can show better
attitude
5.
The students develop sympathetic
understanding and empathy.
Importance of
“Role Plays” for learning a Language:
1.
The person would think and behave in
that role
2.
The persons would respond to
problems
3.
The persons would solve the problems
in the context
4.
The persons would use language for
asking questions or giving information
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Reference: Communication and Soft Skills - Volume-I - by Orient Blackswan
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Public Speaking Skills
Introduction
about Public Speaking:
“Public Speaking” means addressing a
gathering. For example: addressing the audience on freshers’ day, College
annual day, etc.
Great public speakers are not born.
But, they are self-made. People like Gandhiji, Abraham Lincoln, and several
others became great speakers only through observation and constant practice.
If you speak well in public, it can
help you get a job or promotion, raise awareness for your team or organization,
and educate others. The more you push yourself to speak in front of others, the
better you'll become, and the more confidence you'll have.
Important
aspects of Public Speaking:
1.
Planning
2.
Be Original and Smart
3.
Short, Sweet, and not beyond given
time
4.
Keep the audience in mind
5.
Stay cool and relaxed
6.
Be interactive and humorous
7.
Mind your Body language
8.
Be unbiased
9.
Practice well
10. Observe other successful speakers to learn the skills.
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2.
Presentation Skills
-----------------------------
Presentation skills are very
important in conveying one's ideas to a group of students, employees, business
men, etc.
Presentation skills are not
difficult. Anyone can acquire them as a skill. Presentation skills include
thinking skills, communication skills, and body language.
Presentation skills are useful when
we present papers in seminars, in training workshops, in Viva voce, or during
presentation of research project reports. We will also use them in Interviews,
conferences, student meets, college functions, large meetings and even in small
family gatherings. We need them in student loans fe as well as in a workplace.
Requirements for Presentation
Skills:
1. Planning is important
2. Originality and smartness are
needed.
3. Presentation should be short,
sweet and be within time limit
4. Audience need to be kept in mind.
5. Presentation should be done in
cool and relaxed manner
6. Interaction with the audience is
needed.
7. Humour can be added but it should
not be coarse comedy.
8. Body language if the presenter is
very important
Tips for improving PowerPoint
presentations:
1. Choose the topic
2. Decide the number of slides and
suitable design.
3. Choose relevant contrast colours,
which are not gaudy
4. Do not use more than three colours
5. Select the right font
6. Keep Computer in working
condition with proper audio and video devices.
7. Make Projector and Screen ready
8. Keep the Speakers in working
condition.
9. During presentation, Show the
slides one after the other leaving space for ample discussion.
10. Use relevant animation style.
11. Clarify doubts
12. Thank the audience.
UNIT-3: SPEAKING SKILLS-I
1.
Interview
Skills
----------------------------
Interview:
Interview is a meeting
between two people. They know about each other through questions and answers.
The person who asks
questions is an interviewer. The person who responds is an interviewee.
Examples: interviews
of writers or film actors on the TV or in the news papers.
Organisations conduct
interviews to select right personnel. They look into the mind of eligible
candidates to assess their strengths and weaknesses and recognise if the
candidate is suitable for their organisation. They assess our physical, mental
and psychological attitudes. Every Interview board consists of four to six
members.
Skills Required for
Interview:
Facing the interview
board only needs a group of skills like Communication skills, thinking skills,
body language etc.
For selecting a
suitable candidate, Interviewers conduct two main kinds of interviews:
(I) Telephone
Interview and
(Ii) Personal
Interview
Telephonic Interview
helps them to screen the attitude of the applicants before shoet-listing the
aspirants. Telephonic interview needs telephonic etiquette - your polite way of
responding and intonation.
Stages of an Interview:
There are two
important stages for an Interview.
1. Pre- Interview
stage
2. During Interview
stage
1.
Pre- Interview stage:
Important things and Skills
required during this stage are as follows:
A. Getting
certificates/documents mentioned in the C.V. / Resume/ Biodata ready.
B. Grooming
(Hairstyle)
C. Getting a simple
but decent dress
D. Research about the
organisation
E. Polish your general
knowledge
F. Doing SWOT Analysis
G. Practising Expected
Questions
2.
During Interview Stage:
A. Greeting the
interview board
B. Offering a firm
hand shake
C. Confidence
D. Active listening
and speaking
E. Body language - Eye
contact, smile, sitting posture, Hand movements
F. Thinking skills
G. Alertness
H. Sincerity
I.. Positive attitude
Tips for the
Pre-interview Stage:
1.Certificates and
other documents must be kept ready
2. Funky hairstyles
should be avoided and decent look must be maintained
3. Dressing for the
interview must be simple and decent
4. Flashy dresses with
gaudy designs should not be worn.
5. Avoid ornamentation
6. Get your footwear
polished and ready.
7. Know about the
organisation
8. Update your General
knowledge
9. Present yourself
fifteen minutes before the scheduled time.
SWOT:
The persons who attend
Interviews must do "SWOT Analysis”. SWOT means - Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities, and Threats.
The SWOT analysis
helps to improve yourself as it shows your defects. It gives you confidence by
showing your strengths.
Prepare your SWOT
analysis before attending any interview. Introspect and write down your
strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Then, try to sharpen your
strengths further and reduce your weaknesses. Improve your knowledge and skills
to project your readiness to utilize the available / expected opportunities and
to face the challenges.
2. INTONATION
Intonation:
Intonation is one of the important components of speech.
Intonation is the use of appropriate tone to convey meaning. In combination with words, tone helps us
understand the gist of the message. When someone asks us a question, ‘Are you
leaving tomorrow?’ the gradually rising tone helps us realise that it is a
question whether we understand its meaning or not.
Speech uses several kinds of tones. The more important of
these are:
(1)
rising tone
(2) falling tone
(3) rising-falling tone
(4)
falling-rising tone
These different tones are explained in the following:
Observe the following sentences, and note the changes in
the pitch of voice as we say the sentences aloud.
A B
A: He is coming. B:
Is he coming?
A: It’s hot today. B: Is it hot today?
A: I can help you. B:
Can I help you?
A: You must leave now. B:
Must you go now?
The sentences given under ‘A’ are all sentences. The
pitch of the voice usually falls at the end of these statements. That means,
the sentences are uttered with a falling tone.
The sentences given under ‘B’ are questions. They are
said with the pitch of the voice rising at the end. That means, the questions
are uttered with a rising tone.
1. Falling Tone:
a. Normally, statements which are complete and definite are
spoken with a falling tone. Example: GOD made man.
b. ‘Wh’ questions. Example: WHAT’S the time? WHERE do
you live?
c. Commands. Example: SHUT the door; Come QUICKLY.
d. Exclamatory sentences. Example: Good HEAvens! (A
pleasant surprise); What a lovely FLOWer! (A sense of appreciation)
2. RISING TONE:
a. If a statement is intended as a question, a rising tone
is used.
Examples: You
came this MORning? (I thought you came yesterday evening).
He died so SOON? (A sense of surprise)
b. If the statement is intended to be soothing or
encouraging
Examples: I
will HELP you. (So don’t worry.)
I hope you will PASS. (So don’t worry.)
c. If one wants to show as much interest in the other person
as in the subject, then the wh-question is asked in a rising tone.
Examples:
What’s your NAME?; How is your DAUGHter?
d. Yes/ No questions:
Examples: Can
I SEE it?; Have you finished your WORK?
e. If the exclamations are spoken as questions
Examples: OH?
(Is it so?)
REAlly? ( I thought otherwise.)
WHAT?
(Can it be true?)
f. Greetings and wishes.
Examples: Good
MORNing.
HeLLO.
Happy
BIRTHdya.
g. Rhetorical questions that are merely asked for the sake
of emphasis or for creating a certain effect are spoken in a rising tone.
Examples: Can
the blind lead the BLIND?
Who
can escape DEATH?
h. Apostrophes (i.e., addresses to a person – often and
absent or to a thing – often personified) are made in a rising tone.
Examples: FRAILty,
thy name is woman.
DEATH, where is thy sting?
FALLING-RISING TONE:
A third intonation pattern is the
falling-rising tone. it indicates a movement of the pitch of the voice from a
high level to a low level and then to the middle or high level. This tone generally indicates that something is
implied, something which is not expressed openly or directly or something about
which one has certain reservations.
1.
In Tag Questions. Eg: You’re learning FRENCH,
AREN’T you?
2. When a contrast is drawn in a sentence.
Eg: My niece is a DOCtor, not an enginNEER.
Rising –Falling Tone:
The fourth intonation pattern is the
rising-falling tone. It indicates a movement of the pitch of the voice from a
low level to a high level and then to the middle or the low level.
·
when there is enumeration of things in a
sentence, i.e., things mentioned in succession are spoken with a rising tone
followed by a falling tone in the end.
·
Eg: I CAME,I SAW, I CONquered.
·
We’re going to FRANCE, ENGland, ROME and then
SWITzerland.
Tones in relation to
Attitudes:
1.
Tone of Queries – Eg: WHY DO YOU THINK he is
so late?
2. Tone of Replies – Eg: Do you work on a Saturday? NO, we
are closed.
3. Tone of Idiomatic Expressions- Eg: LOOK who’s talking!
4.
Tone OF Continuation and Completion –
Eg: A: Do you
know MURTHY?
B: Yes.
A: He’s
met with an accident.
B: Oh,
is he SAFE?
A: YES,
he is out of danger now.
5.
Tone of Question Tags – Eg: It’s very BORING,
isn’t it?
6. Tone of Agreement–
Eg: A: It’s a nice movie, isn’t it?
B: YES, very nice.
7.
Tone of Disagreement
Eg: A:
Cricket is more interesting than football.
B;
I don’t THINK SO.
8.
Tones of Commands and Requests
COMMANDS: Eg: Requests:
Eg:
GO to bed. Please sit DOWN.
SHUT the window. Try AGAIN.
WASH the car. Don’t forget TO WRITE.
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Reference: Communication and Soft Skills - Volume-1 by Orient Blackswan
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